Profiling of humoral immune responses to norovirus in children across Europe.
Villabruna N., Izquierdo-Lara RW., Schapendonk CME., de Bruin E., Chandler F., Thao TTN., Westerhuis BM., van Beek J., Sigfrid L., Giaquinto C., Goossens H., Bielicki JA., Kohns Vasconcelos M., Fraaij PLA., Koopmans MPG., de Graaf M.
Norovirus is a leading cause of epidemic acute gastroenteritis. More than 30 genotypes circulate in humans, some are common, and others are only sporadically detected. Here, we investigated whether serology can be used to determine which genotypes infect children. We established a multiplex protein microarray with structural and non-structural norovirus antigens that allowed simultaneous antibody testing against 30 human GI and GII genotypes. Antibody responses of sera obtained from 287 children aged